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How much coffee per cup, how fine to grind and how hot the water should be all depend on the method. This guide gives the ratio, grind, water temperature and brew time for eight brewing methods, from pour-over and French press to espresso and cold brew, plus the reference standards baristas use.
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Ratio, grind, water temperature and brew time for eight ways to make coffee.
| Method | Coffee : water | Grind | Water temp | Time | How |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pour-over (V60) | About 1:14 to 1:17 | Medium-fine | 93-96 C (199-205 F) | About 3 min | Bloom with twice the coffee's weight in water for 30 s, then pour in stages |
| Chemex | 1:15-1:17 | Medium to coarse | 93-96 C (199-205 F) | 4-5 min | Thick paper filter, clean bright cup |
| Drip machine | About 1:18 (55 g per litre) | Medium | Machine heated | About 5 min | Or 1-2 tbsp per 6 fl oz of water |
| French press | 1:12-1:15 | Coarse | 93-96 C (199-205 F) | 4 min | Steep, stir, press gently, pour at once |
| AeroPress (maker's recipe) | 16-18 g to the 4 mark | Medium to medium-fine | 85 C (185 F) | Under 2 min | Stir, steep 30-60 s, press till it hisses |
| Method | Coffee : water | Grind | Water temp | Time | How |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Espresso | About 1:2 (18 g in, 36 g out) | Fine | About 91-95 C (196-203 F) | 25-30 s | Tamp level; about 9 bar of pressure |
| Moka pot | Fill the basket level | Fine to medium | Start with hot water | Until it gurgles | 1-2 bar; take off the heat as it sputters |
| Cold brew | 1:4-1:5 concentrate | Coarse | Cold or room temperature | 12-24 hours | Strain, then dilute to taste |
| Standard | Figures |
|---|---|
| Golden cup (SCA) | About 55 g of coffee per litre of water; 18-22% extraction; strength 1.15-1.35% dissolved solids |
| Italian espresso (INEI) | 7 g of coffee, about 25 ml in the cup, 88 C water at the group, 9 bar, 25 seconds give or take 5 |
Weigh it: 1 g of coffee per 15-18 g of water is the classic filter range. Grind finer if sour, coarser if bitter.
Ratios are coffee to water by weight (1 ml of water weighs 1 g). Method figures are typical starting points, not rules; the AeroPress recipe is the maker's own. Use fresh beans, filtered water and grind just before brewing.